{"id":12287,"date":"2024-05-31T20:24:54","date_gmt":"2024-05-31T19:24:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tratamientodelasadicciones.org\/addiccions\/patologia-dual-que-es\/"},"modified":"2026-10-20T11:36:57","modified_gmt":"2026-10-20T10:36:57","slug":"patologia-dual-que-es","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.tratamientodelasadicciones.org\/ca\/addiccions\/patologia-dual-que-es\/","title":{"rendered":"Patologia dual"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"12287\" class=\"elementor elementor-12287 elementor-10543\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0506ad8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0506ad8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c78cffc\" data-id=\"c78cffc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b8ca471 fsc-guide elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b8ca471\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Es parla de <strong>patologia dual<\/strong> quan una mateixa persona t\u00e9 alhora una addicci\u00f3 (a una subst\u00e0ncia o a una conducta com el joc) i un altre trastorn mental, com una depressi\u00f3, un trastorn d\u2019ansietat, un trastorn bipolar o un trastorn de la personalitat. Els dos problemes s\u2019alimenten i s\u2019agreugen m\u00fatuament, i per aix\u00f2 cal tractar-los alhora i de manera coordinada.<\/p><h2>Qu\u00e8 \u00e9s la patologia dual<\/h2><p>No s\u00f3n dos problemes independents que coincideixen per casualitat. En la patologia dual, l\u2019addicci\u00f3 i el trastorn mental s\u2019entrellacen: el consum canvia l\u2019evoluci\u00f3 del trastorn i el trastorn condiciona el consum. Un exemple freq\u00fcent: alg\u00fa amb ansietat comen\u00e7a a beure per calmar-se; l\u2019alcohol alleuja durant unes hores, per\u00f2 amb el temps augmenta l\u2019ansietat de base i genera depend\u00e8ncia, i la persona beu m\u00e9s per compensar-ho.<\/p><p>\u00c9s una situaci\u00f3 habitual entre les persones que demanen ajuda per una <a href=\"\/ca\/addiccions\/que-es-una-addiccio\/\">addicci\u00f3<\/a>, i tamb\u00e9 entre les persones ateses en salut mental. Detectar-la aviat canvia molt el pron\u00f2stic, perqu\u00e8 evita tractaments que nom\u00e9s miren una part del problema.<\/p><h2>Trastorns que s\u2019associen m\u00e9s sovint a les addiccions<\/h2><ul><li><strong>Trastorns d\u2019ansietat:<\/strong> ansietat generalitzada, crisis de p\u00e0nic o f\u00f2bia social, i tamb\u00e9 el trastorn obsessiu compulsiu.<\/li><li><strong>Trastorns de l\u2019estat d\u2019\u00e0nim:<\/strong> depressi\u00f3 i trastorn bipolar.<\/li><li><strong>Trastorns psic\u00f2tics:<\/strong> com l\u2019esquizofr\u00e8nia.<\/li><li><strong>Trastorns de la personalitat:<\/strong> especialment el trastorn l\u00edmit i l\u2019antisocial.<\/li><li><strong>TDAH:<\/strong> el trastorn per d\u00e8ficit d\u2019atenci\u00f3 i hiperactivitat, tamb\u00e9 en persones adultes.<\/li><li><strong>Trastorn per estr\u00e8s posttraum\u00e0tic:<\/strong> despr\u00e9s d\u2019experi\u00e8ncies com viol\u00e8ncia, abusos o accidents greus.<\/li><\/ul><p>Qualsevol addicci\u00f3 pot formar part d\u2019una patologia dual: alcohol, coca\u00efna, c\u00e0nnabis, psicof\u00e0rmacs, opiacis o addiccions sense subst\u00e0ncia.<\/p><h2>Qu\u00e8 apareix primer, l\u2019addicci\u00f3 o el trastorn mental?<\/h2><p>Pot passar en qualsevol ordre:<\/p><ul><li><strong>Primer el trastorn mental:<\/strong> la persona comen\u00e7a a consumir per alleujar la tristesa, l\u2019angoixa, l\u2019insomni o altres s\u00edmptomes. \u00c9s el que sovint es descriu com \u00abautomedicar-se\u00bb.<\/li><li><strong>Primer el consum:<\/strong> l\u2019\u00fas continuat d\u2019una subst\u00e0ncia desencadena o fa aflorar un trastorn, com passa amb alguns quadres d\u2019ansietat, depressi\u00f3 o psicosi associats al c\u00e0nnabis o als estimulants.<\/li><li><strong>Arrels comunes:<\/strong> la predisposici\u00f3 gen\u00e8tica, les experi\u00e8ncies traum\u00e0tiques, l\u2019estr\u00e8s mantingut o l\u2019exclusi\u00f3 social poden afavorir els dos problemes alhora.<\/li><\/ul><p>Con\u00e8ixer l\u2019ordre ajuda a entendre la hist\u00f2ria de cada persona, per\u00f2 en tots els casos el tractament s\u2019ha d\u2019ocupar de tots dos trastorns.<\/p><h2>Senyals que poden indicar una patologia dual<\/h2><ul><li>Es consumeix per poder \u00abfuncionar\u00bb: dormir, calmar els nervis, animar-se o concentrar-se.<\/li><li>El malestar emocional no millora, o empitjora, quan s\u2019intenta deixar el consum.<\/li><li>Hi ha hagut tractaments de l\u2019addicci\u00f3 o de salut mental per separat sense millores que es mantinguin.<\/li><li>Hi ha canvis bruscos d\u2019humor, desconfian\u00e7a extrema, percepcions estranyes o idees de mort.<\/li><li>Les recaigudes coincideixen amb crisis emocionals.<\/li><\/ul><p>Si hi ha idees de su\u00efcidi o risc immediat, truca al <strong>112<\/strong>. Tamb\u00e9 pots trucar al 024, la l\u00ednia d\u2019atenci\u00f3 a la conducta su\u00efcida.<\/p><h2>Com es diagnostica<\/h2><p>El diagn\u00f2stic l\u2019ha de fer un equip amb formaci\u00f3 tant en addiccions com en salut mental. No sempre \u00e9s senzill: els efectes d\u2019una subst\u00e0ncia, o de la seva abstin\u00e8ncia, poden assemblar-se als d\u2019un trastorn mental, i a l\u2019inrev\u00e9s. Per aix\u00f2 l\u2019avaluaci\u00f3 sol incloure:<\/p><ul><li>una entrevista detallada sobre el consum, els s\u00edmptomes i com han evolucionat;<\/li><li>la hist\u00f2ria personal, familiar i m\u00e8dica;<\/li><li>l\u2019observaci\u00f3 de com canvien els s\u00edmptomes quan el consum es redueix o s\u2019interromp;<\/li><li>si cal, proves complement\u00e0ries i la informaci\u00f3 que aporti la fam\u00edlia.<\/li><\/ul><h2>Patologia dual: tractament integrat<\/h2><p>L\u2019enfocament recomanat \u00e9s el <strong>tractament integrat<\/strong>: un mateix equip, o equips molt ben coordinats, at\u00e9n l\u2019addicci\u00f3 i el trastorn mental amb un pla com\u00fa. Quan nom\u00e9s es tracta una part, la persona sol quedar atrapada entre serveis i les recaigudes esdevenen m\u00e9s probables.<\/p><h3>Qu\u00e8 sol incloure<\/h3><ul><li><strong>Atenci\u00f3 psiqui\u00e0trica:<\/strong> valoraci\u00f3 i, si est\u00e0 indicada, medicaci\u00f3 per al trastorn mental, ajustada a la situaci\u00f3 de consum.<\/li><li><strong>Psicoter\u00e0pia<\/strong> individual i de grup per comprendre la funci\u00f3 del consum, gestionar les emocions i prevenir les recaigudes.<\/li><li><strong>Desintoxicaci\u00f3 supervisada<\/strong> quan \u00e9s necess\u00e0ria. L\u2019alcohol i les benzodiazepines no s\u2019han de deixar de cop sense supervisi\u00f3 m\u00e8dica.<\/li><li><strong>Treball amb la fam\u00edlia<\/strong>, que necessita informaci\u00f3 i suport per acompanyar sense esgotar-se.<\/li><li><strong>Suport social<\/strong> en habitatge, feina o relacions quan la situaci\u00f3 ho requereix.<\/li><\/ul><p>La intensitat s\u2019adapta a cada moment: es pot fer de manera ambulat\u00f2ria o, en les etapes m\u00e9s dif\u00edcils, en un recurs residencial. Pots consultar el nostre <a href=\"\/ca\/programes-de-tractament\/tractament-ambulatori\/\">tractament ambulatori<\/a> i el <a href=\"\/ca\/programes-de-tractament\/programa-datencio-familiar\/\">programa d\u2019atenci\u00f3 familiar<\/a>.<\/p><h2>Quan demanar ajuda<\/h2><p>Si et reconeixes en el que has llegit, o hi reconeixes alg\u00fa proper, no esperis que un dels dos problemes es resolgui per atendre l\u2019altre. Com m\u00e9s aviat es valorin junts, m\u00e9s f\u00e0cil \u00e9s trobar un tractament que encaixi. La Fundaci\u00f3 Salut i Comunitat t\u00e9 experi\u00e8ncia en l\u2019atenci\u00f3 a persones amb addicci\u00f3 i altres trastorns de salut mental, i ofereix <a href=\"\/ca\/programes-de-tractament\/primera-visita-gratuita\/\">primera atenci\u00f3 gratu\u00efta<\/a> a Barcelona. Truca al <strong>93 424 04 00<\/strong>.<\/p><h2>Preguntes freq\u00fcents<\/h2><h3>Qu\u00e8 \u00e9s la patologia dual en poques paraules?<\/h3><p>\u00c9s la pres\u00e8ncia simult\u00e0nia d\u2019una addicci\u00f3 i d\u2019un altre trastorn mental en la mateixa persona. Tots dos s\u2019influeixen m\u00fatuament i per aix\u00f2 es tracten alhora.<\/p><h3>La patologia dual t\u00e9 tractament?<\/h3><p>S\u00ed. El tractament integrat, que combina atenci\u00f3 psiqui\u00e0trica, psicoter\u00e0pia i suport familiar i social, permet a moltes persones estabilitzar-se i millorar la seva qualitat de vida. Sol ser un proc\u00e9s a mitj\u00e0 i llarg termini.<\/p><h3>Qui tracta la patologia dual, el psiquiatre o el psic\u00f2leg?<\/h3><p>Tots dos, dins d\u2019un equip coordinat amb experi\u00e8ncia en addiccions. El psiquiatre valora i ajusta la medicaci\u00f3 quan cal, i el psic\u00f2leg treballa la ter\u00e0pia i la prevenci\u00f3 de recaigudes, sovint amb el suport del treball social.<\/p><h3>El c\u00e0nnabis pot provocar un trastorn mental?<\/h3><p>En persones vulnerables, el c\u00e0nnabis pot desencadenar episodis psic\u00f2tics i empitjorar l\u2019ansietat o la depressi\u00f3. El risc \u00e9s m\u00e9s gran quan el consum comen\u00e7a a l\u2019adolesc\u00e8ncia i \u00e9s freq\u00fcent.<\/p><h3>Qu\u00e8 pot fer la fam\u00edlia d\u2019una persona amb patologia dual?<\/h3><p>Informar-se sobre els dos trastorns, evitar culpabilitzar i no carregar sola amb la situaci\u00f3. Demanar orientaci\u00f3 professional per a la fam\u00edlia ajuda a acompanyar millor i tamb\u00e9 a cuidar-se.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3346569\" data-id=\"3346569\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a5ffb5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-hub_fancy_heading\" data-id=\"3a5ffb5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"hub_fancy_heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<div id=\"ld-fancy-heading-6adab775242f2\" class=\"ld-fancy-heading pos-rel\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"ld-fh-element d-inline-block pos-rel  elementor-heading-title lqd-highlight-classic lqd-highlight-grow-left h2\"  > Primera atenci\u00f3 gratu\u00efta<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e5de5bd elementor-widget elementor-widget-hub_fancy_heading\" data-id=\"e5de5bd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"hub_fancy_heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<div id=\"ld-fancy-heading-6adab77524f23\" class=\"ld-fancy-heading pos-rel\">\n\t\t\t<h5 class=\"ld-fh-element d-inline-block pos-rel  elementor-heading-title lqd-highlight-classic lqd-highlight-grow-left h5\"  > Truca'ns gratis al: <a class=\"number\" href=\"tel:934240400\">93 424 04 00<\/a><\/h5>\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5aa4a70 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"5aa4a70\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div 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href=&quot;https:\/\/www.tratamientodelasadicciones.org\/ca\/politica-de-privacitat\/&quot;&gt;Pol\u00edtica de privacitat.&lt;\/a&gt;' class='gform_hidden' \/><input type='hidden' name='input_11.3' value='3' class='gform_hidden' \/><\/div><div class='gfield_description gfield_consent_description' id='gfield_consent_description_4_11' tabindex='0'>INFORMACI\u00d3 B\u00c0SICA DE PROTECCI\u00d3 DE DADES:<br \/>\nResponsable del tractament: FUNDACI\u00d3N SALUD Y COMUNIDAD<br \/>\nFinalitat del tractament: Gestionar les consultes plantejades.<br \/>\nLegitimaci\u00f3 del tractament: Inter\u00e8s leg\u00edtim i consentiment de la persona interessada.<br \/>\nConservaci\u00f3 de les dades: Es conservaran mentre existeixi un inter\u00e8s mutu o durant el temps necessari per al compliment de les obligacions legals.<br \/>\nDestinataris: Prestadors de serveis o col\u00b7laboradors.<br \/>\nDrets: Dret a retirar el consentiment en qualsevol moment. 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Diagn\u00f2stic i Tractament Integral de la Patologia Dual La patologia dual es dona quan una persona pateix de manera simult\u00e0nia addicci\u00f3 a una subst\u00e0ncia o addicci\u00f3 comportamental i un altre trastorn mental: Trastorn d&#8217;ansietat (Trastorn d&#8217;ansietat generalitzada, trastorn obsessiu compulsiu, etc), trastorn de l&#8217;estat d&#8217;\u00e0nim (trastorn depressiu major, trastorn bipolar, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":11731,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_seopress_titles_title":"Patologia dual: qu\u00e8 \u00e9s, senyals i tractament | FSC","_seopress_titles_desc":"Qu\u00e8 \u00e9s la patologia dual, per qu\u00e8 una addicci\u00f3 i un trastorn mental es reforcen entre si, com es diagnostica i en qu\u00e8 consisteix el tractament integrat.","_seopress_robots_index":"","_seopress_robots_follow":"","_seopress_robots_imageindex":"","_seopress_robots_snippet":"","_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_robots_breadcrumbs":"","_seopress_robots_freeze_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_custom_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_canonical":"","_seopress_social_fb_title":"","_seopress_social_fb_desc":"","_seopress_social_fb_img":"","_seopress_social_fb_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_height":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_title":"","_seopress_social_twitter_desc":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_height":0,"_seopress_redirections_value":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled_regex":"","_seopress_redirections_logged_status":"","_seopress_redirections_param":"","_seopress_redirections_type":0,"_seopress_analysis_target_kw":"","_seopress_news_disabled":"","_seopress_video_disabled":"","_seopress_video":[],"_seopress_pro_schemas_manual":[{"_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_type":"faq","_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_faq":[{"question":"Qu\u00e8 \u00e9s la patologia dual en poques paraules?","answer":"\u00c9s la pres\u00e8ncia simult\u00e0nia d\u2019una addicci\u00f3 i d\u2019un altre trastorn mental en la mateixa persona. Tots dos s\u2019influeixen m\u00fatuament i per aix\u00f2 es tracten alhora."},{"question":"La patologia dual t\u00e9 tractament?","answer":"S\u00ed. El tractament integrat, que combina atenci\u00f3 psiqui\u00e0trica, psicoter\u00e0pia i suport familiar i social, permet a moltes persones estabilitzar-se i millorar la seva qualitat de vida. Sol ser un proc\u00e9s a mitj\u00e0 i llarg termini."},{"question":"Qui tracta la patologia dual, el psiquiatre o el psic\u00f2leg?","answer":"Tots dos, dins d\u2019un equip coordinat amb experi\u00e8ncia en addiccions. El psiquiatre valora i ajusta la medicaci\u00f3 quan cal, i el psic\u00f2leg treballa la ter\u00e0pia i la prevenci\u00f3 de recaigudes, sovint amb el suport del treball social."},{"question":"El c\u00e0nnabis pot provocar un trastorn mental?","answer":"En persones vulnerables, el c\u00e0nnabis pot desencadenar episodis psic\u00f2tics i empitjorar l\u2019ansietat o la depressi\u00f3. El risc \u00e9s m\u00e9s gran quan el consum comen\u00e7a a l\u2019adolesc\u00e8ncia i \u00e9s freq\u00fcent."},{"question":"Qu\u00e8 pot fer la fam\u00edlia d\u2019una persona amb patologia dual?","answer":"Informar-se sobre els dos trastorns, evitar culpabilitzar i no carregar sola amb la situaci\u00f3. Demanar orientaci\u00f3 professional per a la fam\u00edlia ajuda a acompanyar millor i tamb\u00e9 a cuidar-se."}]}],"_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_disable_all":"","_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_disable":[],"_seopress_pro_schemas":[],"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-12287","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tratamientodelasadicciones.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12287","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tratamientodelasadicciones.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tratamientodelasadicciones.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tratamientodelasadicciones.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tratamientodelasadicciones.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12287"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.tratamientodelasadicciones.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12287\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":89108,"href":"https:\/\/www.tratamientodelasadicciones.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12287\/revisions\/89108"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tratamientodelasadicciones.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11731"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tratamientodelasadicciones.org\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12287"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}