{"id":89207,"date":"2024-02-15T14:57:41","date_gmt":"2024-02-15T13:57:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tratamientodelasadicciones.org\/?page_id=89207"},"modified":"2026-10-20T12:08:45","modified_gmt":"2026-10-20T11:08:45","slug":"desintoxication","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.tratamientodelasadicciones.org\/fr\/programmes-traitement-addictions\/desintoxication\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00e9sintoxication"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"89207\" class=\"elementor elementor-89207 elementor-10468\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5a2d04b5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5a2d04b5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-20b89627\" data-id=\"20b89627\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b9b972 fsc-guide elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8b9b972\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>La <strong>d\u00e9sintoxication<\/strong> est la phase du traitement au cours de laquelle, gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des m\u00e9dicaments et \u00e0 un suivi m\u00e9dical, on \u00e9limine la d\u00e9pendance physique \u00e0 une substance et on contr\u00f4le le syndrome de sevrage qui appara\u00eet \u00e0 l\u2019arr\u00eat de la consommation. C\u2019est une premi\u00e8re \u00e9tape importante, mais ce n\u2019est pas le traitement complet\u00a0: il faut ensuite travailler sur les causes et les habitudes li\u00e9es \u00e0 la consommation.<\/p><h2>Qu\u2019est-ce que la d\u00e9sintoxication\u00a0?<\/h2><p>Quand le corps s\u2019habitue \u00e0 une substance, l\u2019arr\u00eater soudainement provoque un malaise physique et psychologique qui peut aller du simple inconfort au danger\u00a0: c\u2019est le syndrome de sevrage. Pendant la d\u00e9sintoxication, on utilise des m\u00e9dicaments prescrits par un m\u00e9decin pour traverser cette \u00e9tape en toute s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et en souffrant le moins possible.<\/p><p>Il convient de distinguer deux types de d\u00e9pendance\u00a0:<\/p><ul><li><strong>D\u00e9pendance physique<\/strong>\u00a0: l\u2019organisme a besoin de la substance pour fonctionner normalement. C\u2019est ce que traite la d\u00e9sintoxication.<\/li><li><strong>D\u00e9pendance psychologique<\/strong>\u00a0: l\u2019envie intense de consommer (craving), les routines et les d\u00e9clencheurs. Elle se travaille pendant la phase de d\u00e9saccoutumance, avec une psychoth\u00e9rapie et un soutien continu.<\/li><\/ul><h2>Sympt\u00f4mes de sevrage les plus fr\u00e9quents<\/h2><p>Ils varient selon la substance, la quantit\u00e9 et la dur\u00e9e de la consommation. De mani\u00e8re g\u00e9n\u00e9rale\u00a0:<\/p><ul><li><strong>Alcool<\/strong>\u00a0: tremblements, sueurs, anxi\u00e9t\u00e9, insomnie et naus\u00e9es. Dans les cas graves, des convulsions ou un \u00e9tat de confusion avec hallucinations peuvent survenir.<\/li><li><strong>Benzodiaz\u00e9pines et autres s\u00e9datifs<\/strong>\u00a0: anxi\u00e9t\u00e9, insomnie, irritabilit\u00e9 et, en cas de forte d\u00e9pendance, risque de convulsions.<\/li><li><strong>Opiac\u00e9s<\/strong>\u00a0: douleurs musculaires, sueurs, diarrh\u00e9e, b\u00e2illements et agitation. C\u2019est un \u00e9tat tr\u00e8s p\u00e9nible qu\u2019il vaut mieux traiter avec un accompagnement m\u00e9dical.<\/li><li><strong>Coca\u00efne et autres stimulants<\/strong>\u00a0: fatigue, abattement, troubles du sommeil et forte envie de consommer.<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>En cas de d\u00e9pendance \u00e0 l\u2019alcool ou aux benzodiaz\u00e9pines, il ne faut pas arr\u00eater brutalement sans suivi m\u00e9dical.<\/strong> Un professionnel doit \u00e9valuer comment le faire en toute s\u00e9curit\u00e9.<\/p><h2>Tout le monde a-t-il besoin d\u2019une d\u00e9sintoxication\u00a0?<\/h2><p>Non. Certains patients n\u2019en ont pas besoin, et chaque situation est \u00e9tudi\u00e9e individuellement\u00a0: la substance, l\u2019intensit\u00e9 de la consommation, l\u2019\u00e9tat de sant\u00e9 et les tentatives pr\u00e9c\u00e9dentes entrent en jeu. Lors du <a href=\"\/fr\/programmes-traitement-addictions\/premier-rendez-vous-gratuit\/\">premier rendez-vous gratuit<\/a>, on \u00e9value si elle est n\u00e9cessaire et sous quelle forme.<\/p><h2>D\u00e9sintoxication ambulatoire<\/h2><p>Elle se fait sans hospitalisation. La personne prend chez elle les m\u00e9dicaments prescrits par le m\u00e9decin psychiatre, sous la surveillance d\u2019une personne responsable, g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement un proche. \u00c0 la Fundaci\u00f3n Salud y Comunidad (FSC), le psychiatre du SAP (Servicio de Atenci\u00f3n Psicosocial) qui prescrit le traitement supervise aussi le processus.<\/p><p>C\u2019est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement une option lorsque la personne est physiquement stable, b\u00e9n\u00e9ficie d\u2019un soutien \u00e0 la maison et peut se rendre aux visites de contr\u00f4le.<\/p><h2>D\u00e9sintoxication hospitali\u00e8re<\/h2><p>Elle est r\u00e9serv\u00e9e aux cas les plus graves\u00a0: lorsqu\u2019un niveau d\u2019encadrement plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 est n\u00e9cessaire ou lorsque l\u2019\u00e9tat de sant\u00e9 physique justifie une surveillance m\u00e9dicale stricte. \u00c0 FSC, ces hospitalisations ont lieu dans des h\u00f4pitaux publics ou des cliniques priv\u00e9es avec lesquels la fondation a pass\u00e9 une convention, et toujours sous la coordination de son \u00e9quipe.<\/p><h2>Combien de temps dure une d\u00e9sintoxication<\/h2><p>\u00c0 titre indicatif, la d\u00e9sintoxication dure <strong>de deux \u00e0 quatre semaines environ<\/strong>. La dur\u00e9e exacte d\u00e9pend de la substance, du degr\u00e9 de d\u00e9pendance et de la r\u00e9action de chaque personne. Les premiers jours sont g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement les plus difficiles\u00a0; ensuite, les sympt\u00f4mes physiques s\u2019att\u00e9nuent, m\u00eame si l\u2019envie de consommer peut persister bien plus longtemps.<\/p><h2>Ce qui vient apr\u00e8s la d\u00e9sintoxication<\/h2><p>Terminer la d\u00e9sintoxication ne signifie pas avoir surmont\u00e9 l\u2019addiction. Sans traitement ult\u00e9rieur, le risque de reprendre la consommation est \u00e9lev\u00e9. C\u2019est pourquoi on poursuit g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement avec\u00a0:<\/p><ul><li>Un <a href=\"\/fr\/programmes-traitement-addictions\/traitement-ambulatoire-addictions\/\">traitement ambulatoire<\/a>, avec psychoth\u00e9rapie individuelle et de groupe, contr\u00f4les et suivi m\u00e9dical.<\/li><li>Une admission dans un centre th\u00e9rapeutique r\u00e9sidentiel, lorsque la situation l\u2019exige. Vous pouvez les d\u00e9couvrir sur la page <a href=\"\/fr\/centres-traitement-addictions\/\">centres de traitement<\/a>.<\/li><\/ul><p>Une mise en garde importante\u00a0: apr\u00e8s une p\u00e9riode sans consommer, le corps tol\u00e8re moins bien la substance. Reprendre les quantit\u00e9s d\u2019avant peut provoquer une overdose, surtout avec les opiac\u00e9s ou en m\u00e9langeant des substances d\u00e9pressives comme l\u2019alcool et les tranquillisants. Pour comprendre l\u2019ensemble du processus, lisez <a href=\"\/fr\/types-addictions\/comment-traiter-une-addiction\/\">comment traiter une addiction<\/a>.<\/p><h2>Quand demander de l\u2019aide<\/h2><ul><li>Vous avez essay\u00e9 d\u2019arr\u00eater et le malaise vous fait reprendre la consommation.<\/li><li>Vous ressentez des tremblements, des sueurs, une anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 intense ou des insomnies quand vous passez plusieurs heures sans consommer.<\/li><li>Vous buvez de l\u2019alcool ou prenez des tranquillisants tous les jours et voulez arr\u00eater\u00a0: ne le faites pas brutalement par vous-m\u00eame.<\/li><\/ul><p>Pour \u00eatre conseill\u00e9, appelez le <strong>+34\u00a093\u00a0424\u00a004\u00a000<\/strong>\u00a0; l\u2019orientation est gratuite. En cas de convulsions, de confusion, d\u2019hallucinations ou de douleur dans la poitrine, appelez le 112, num\u00e9ro d\u2019urgence europ\u00e9en.<\/p><h2>Questions fr\u00e9quentes<\/h2><h3>Combien de temps dure une d\u00e9sintoxication\u00a0?<\/h3><p>Environ deux \u00e0 quatre semaines, selon la substance, le degr\u00e9 de d\u00e9pendance et la r\u00e9action de chaque personne. Ce n\u2019est que la premi\u00e8re phase\u00a0: il est ensuite conseill\u00e9 de suivre un traitement de d\u00e9saccoutumance.<\/p><h3>Peut-on faire la d\u00e9sintoxication \u00e0 domicile\u00a0?<\/h3><p>Oui, dans certains cas. Lors d\u2019une d\u00e9sintoxication ambulatoire, la personne prend chez elle les m\u00e9dicaments prescrits, sous la surveillance d\u2019un proche ou d\u2019une autre personne responsable et avec un suivi par le psychiatre. Si le cas est grave, une hospitalisation est recommand\u00e9e.<\/p><h3>Puis-je arr\u00eater l\u2019alcool ou les tranquillisants d\u2019un coup\u00a0?<\/h3><p>En cas de d\u00e9pendance, pas sans suivi m\u00e9dical. Le sevrage de l\u2019alcool ou des benzodiaz\u00e9pines peut entra\u00eener des complications graves, comme des convulsions. Un professionnel doit \u00e9valuer comment le faire en toute s\u00e9curit\u00e9.<\/p><h3>La d\u00e9sintoxication gu\u00e9rit-elle l\u2019addiction\u00a0?<\/h3><p>Non. Elle \u00e9limine la d\u00e9pendance physique, mais ne travaille ni sur les causes, ni sur les habitudes, ni sur l\u2019envie de consommer. Pour cela, un traitement ult\u00e9rieur, ambulatoire ou r\u00e9sidentiel, est n\u00e9cessaire.<\/p><h3>Faut-il toujours passer par une d\u00e9sintoxication avant de commencer un traitement\u00a0?<\/h3><p>Non. Chaque cas est \u00e9valu\u00e9, et certaines personnes peuvent commencer directement un traitement sans passer par cette phase.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"lqd-css-sticky-column elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7d74d950\" style=\"--lqd-sticky-offset:30px\" data-id=\"7d74d950\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ce20603 elementor-widget elementor-widget-hub_fancy_heading\" data-id=\"3ce20603\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"hub_fancy_heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<div id=\"ld-fancy-heading-6ad7cdb7b0bea\" class=\"ld-fancy-heading pos-rel\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"ld-fh-element d-inline-block pos-rel  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Un guide clair.","_seopress_robots_index":"","_seopress_robots_follow":"","_seopress_robots_imageindex":"","_seopress_robots_snippet":"","_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_robots_breadcrumbs":"","_seopress_robots_freeze_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_custom_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_canonical":"","_seopress_social_fb_title":"","_seopress_social_fb_desc":"","_seopress_social_fb_img":"","_seopress_social_fb_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_height":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_title":"","_seopress_social_twitter_desc":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_height":0,"_seopress_redirections_value":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled_regex":"","_seopress_redirections_logged_status":"","_seopress_redirections_param":"","_seopress_redirections_type":0,"_seopress_analysis_target_kw":"","_seopress_news_disabled":"","_seopress_video_disabled":"","_seopress_video":[],"_seopress_pro_schemas_manual":[{"_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_type":"faq","_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_faq":[{"question":"Combien de temps dure une d\u00e9sintoxication\u00a0?","answer":"Environ deux \u00e0 quatre semaines, selon la substance, le degr\u00e9 de d\u00e9pendance et la r\u00e9action de chaque personne. Ce n\u2019est que la premi\u00e8re phase\u00a0: il est ensuite conseill\u00e9 de suivre un traitement de d\u00e9saccoutumance."},{"question":"Peut-on faire la d\u00e9sintoxication \u00e0 domicile\u00a0?","answer":"Oui, dans certains cas. Lors d\u2019une d\u00e9sintoxication ambulatoire, la personne prend chez elle les m\u00e9dicaments prescrits, sous la surveillance d\u2019un proche ou d\u2019une autre personne responsable et avec un suivi par le psychiatre. Si le cas est grave, une hospitalisation est recommand\u00e9e."},{"question":"Puis-je arr\u00eater l\u2019alcool ou les tranquillisants d\u2019un coup\u00a0?","answer":"En cas de d\u00e9pendance, pas sans suivi m\u00e9dical. Le sevrage de l\u2019alcool ou des benzodiaz\u00e9pines peut entra\u00eener des complications graves, comme des convulsions. Un professionnel doit \u00e9valuer comment le faire en toute s\u00e9curit\u00e9."},{"question":"La d\u00e9sintoxication gu\u00e9rit-elle l\u2019addiction\u00a0?","answer":"Non. Elle \u00e9limine la d\u00e9pendance physique, mais ne travaille ni sur les causes, ni sur les habitudes, ni sur l\u2019envie de consommer. Pour cela, un traitement ult\u00e9rieur, ambulatoire ou r\u00e9sidentiel, est n\u00e9cessaire."},{"question":"Faut-il toujours passer par une d\u00e9sintoxication avant de commencer un traitement\u00a0?","answer":"Non. Chaque cas est \u00e9valu\u00e9, et certaines personnes peuvent commencer directement un traitement sans passer par cette phase."}]}],"_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_disable_all":"","_seopress_pro_rich_snippets_disable":[],"_seopress_pro_schemas":[],"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-89207","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tratamientodelasadicciones.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/89207","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tratamientodelasadicciones.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tratamientodelasadicciones.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tratamientodelasadicciones.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tratamientodelasadicciones.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=89207"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.tratamientodelasadicciones.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/89207\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":89297,"href":"https:\/\/www.tratamientodelasadicciones.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/89207\/revisions\/89297"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tratamientodelasadicciones.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/89180"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tratamientodelasadicciones.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=89207"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}